TREATY OF SALBAI - TREATY OF PEACE WITH THE MARATHAS, 1782
Treaty of perpetual friendship and alliance between the Hon'ble the
English East India Company and the Peshwa Madhavrav Pandit
Pradhan, settled by Mr. David Anderson, on the part of the Hon'ble
Company, in virtue of the powers delegated to him for that purpose by
the Hon'ble the Governor-General and Council, appointed by the King
and Parliament of Great Britain to direct and control all political affairs
of the Hon'ble English East India Company in India ; and by Maharaja
Soubahdar Madhavrav Sindia, as plenipotentiary on the part of the
Peshwa Madhavrav Pandit Pradhan, Ballaji Pandit.. Nana Fadanavis,
and the whole of the Chiefs of the Maratha nation, agreeably to the
following articles, which shall be ever binding on their heirs and
successors, and the conditions of them to be invariably observed by
both parties.
Article I
It is stipulated and agreed to between the Hon'ble the English East
India Company and the Peshwa, through the mediation of Madhavrav
Sindia, that all countries, places, cities, and forts, including Bassein,
etc., which have been taken from the Peshwa during the War that has
arisen since the treaty settled by Colonel Upton, and have come into the
possession of the English, shall be delivered up to the Peshwa ; the
territories, ports, cities, etc., to be restored, shall be delivered
within the space of two months from the period when this treaty shall
become complete (as hereinafter described), to such persons as the
Peshwa, or his Minister Nana Fadanavis shall appoint.
Article II
It is agreed between the English Company and the Peshwa, that
Salsette and three other islands, viz., Elephanta, Karanja and Hog,
which are included in the treaty of Colonel Upton, shall continue for
ever in possession of the English. If any other islands have been taken
in the course of the present war, they shall be delivered up to the
Peshwa.
Article III
Whereas it was stipulated in the fourth article of the treaty of Colonel
Upton,
" that the Peshwa and all the Chiefs of the Maratha State to
agree to give the English Company, for ever, all right and title to the
city of Broach, as full and complete as ever they collected from the
Mogals or otherwise, without retaining any claim of chauth, or any other
claims whatsoever, so that the English Company shall possess it without
participation or claim of any kind "
; this article is accordingly
continued in full force and effect.
Article IV
The Peshwa having formerly, in the treaty of Colonel Upton, agreed
by way of friendship to give up to the English a country of three lakhs
of rupees, near Broach, the English do now, at the request of
Madhavrav Sindia, consent to relinquish their claim to the said country
in favour of the Peshwa.
Article V
The country which Sayaji and Fattesing Gaikawar gave to the
English, and which is mentioned in the seventh article of the treaty of
Colonel Upton, being therein left in a state of suspense, the English,
with a view to obviate all future disputes, now agree that it shall be
restored ; and it is hereby settled that, if the said country be a part of
the established territory of the Gaikawar, it shall be restored to the
Gaikawar ; and if it shall be a part of the Peshwa's territories it shall be
restored to the Peshwa.
Article VI
The English engage that, having allowed Raghunathrav a period of
four months from the time when this treaty shall become complete to
fix on a place of residence, they will not, after the expiration of the said
period, afford him any support, protection, or assistance, nor supply
him with money for his expenses : and the Peshwa on his part engages,
that if Raghunathrav will voluntarily and of his own accord repair to
Maharaja Madhavrav Sindia, and quietly reside with him, the sum of
Rs. 25,000 per month shall be paid him for his maintenance, and no
injury whatever shall be offered to him by the Peshwa, or any of his
people.
Article VII
The Hon'ble English East India Company and the Peshwa being
desirous that their respective allies shall be included in this peace, it is
hereby mutually stipulated that each party shall make peace with the
allies of the other, in the manner hereinafter specified.
Article VIII
The territory which has long been the established jaghir of Sayaji
Gaikawar and Fattesing Gaikawar, that is to say, whatever territory
Fattesing Gaikawar possessed at the commencement of the present war,
shall hereafter for ever remain on the usual footing in his possession ;
and the said Fattesing shall, from the date of this treaty being complete,
pay for the future to the Peshwa the tribute as usual previous to the
present war, and shall perform such services and be subject to such
obedience, as have long been established and customary. No claim
shall be made on the said Fattesing by the Peshwa for the period that
is past.
Article IX
The Peshwa engages, that whereas the Navab Hyder Alii Khan,
having concluded a treaty with him, hath disturbed and taken possession of territories belonging to the English and their allies, he shall be
made to relinquish them ; and they shall be restored to the Company
and the Navab Mahomed Alii Khan. All prisoners that have been
taken on either side during the war shall be released, and Hyder Alii
Khan shall be made to relinquish all such territories belonging to the
English Company and their allies, as he may have taken possession of,
since the ninth of Ramzan in the year 1181, being the date of his treaty
with the Peshwa ; and the said territories shall be delivered over to the
English and the Nawab Mahomed Alii Khan within six months after
this treaty being complete ; and the English, in such case, agree that, so
long as Hyder Alii Khan shall afterwards abstain from hostilities
against them, and their allies, and so long as he shall continue in
friendship with the Peshwa, they will in no respect act hostilely towards
him.
Article X
The Peshwa engages, on his own behalf as well as on behalf of his
allies, the Navab Nizam Alii Khan, Raghoji Bhonsla, Syna Saheb
Soubah, and the Navab Hyder Alii Khan, that they shall, in every
respect, maintain peace towards the English and their allies, the
Navab Asoph-ul-Dowlah Bahadur, and the Navab Mahomed Alii
Khan Bahadur, and shall in no respect whatever give them any disturbance.
The English engage on their own behalf, as well as on behalf
of their allies, the Nawab Asoph-ul-Dowlah, and the Navab Mahomed
Alii Khan, that they shall in every respect maintain peace towards the
Peshwa and his allies, the Nawab Nizam Alii Khan and Raghoji
Bhonsla, Syna Saheb : and the English further engage on their own
behalf, as well as on behalf of their allies, that they will maintain peace
also towards the Navab Hyder Alii Khan under the conditions specified
in the 9th Article of this treaty.
Article XI
The Hon'ble East India Company and the Peshwa mutually agree
that the vessels of each shall afford no disturbance to the navigation of
the vessels of the other ; and the vessels of each shall be allowed access
to the ports of the other, where they shall meet with no molestation,
and the fullest protection shall be reciprocally afforded.
Article XII
The Peshwa and the Chiefs of the Maratha State hereby agree that
the English shall enjoy the privilege of trade, as formerly, in the
Maratha territories, and shall meet with no kind of interruption ; and,
in the same manner, the Hon'ble East India Company agree that the
subjects of the Peshwa shall be allowed the privilege of trade, without
interruption, in the territories of the English.
Article XIII
The Peshwa hereby engages that he will not suffer any factories of
other European nations to be established in his territories, or those of
the chiefs dependant on him, excepting only such as are already established by the Portuguese ; and he will hold uo intercourse of
friendship with any other European nations : and the English on their
part agree that they will not afford assistance to any nation of Deccan
or Hindustan at enmity with the Peshwa.
Article XIV
The English and the Peshwa mutually agree that neither will afford
any kind of assistance to the enemies of the other.
Article XV
The Hon'ble the Governor-General and Council of Fort William
engage that they will not permit any of the chiefs, dependants or
subjects of the English, the gentlemen of Bombay, Surat or Madras, to
act contrary at any place to the terms of this treaty. In the same
manner, the Peshwa Madhavrav Pandit Pradhan engages that none of
the chiefs or subjects of the Maratha State shall act contrary to them.
Article XVI
The Hon'ble East India Company, and the Peshwa Madhavrav Pandit
Pradhan having the fullest confidence in Maharaja Soubahdar Madhavrav
Sindia Bahadur, they have both requested the said Maharaja to be
the mutual guarantee for the perpetual and invariable adherence to
both parties to the conditions of this treaty ; and the said Madhavrav
Sindia, from a regard to the welfare of both States, hath accordingly
taken upon himself the mutual guarantee. If either of the parties shall
deviate from the conditions of this treaty, the said Maharaja will join
the other party and will, to the utmost of his power, endeavour to bring
the aggressor to a proper understanding.
Article XVII
It is hereby agreed that whatever territories, forts, or cities, in Gujrat
were granted by Raghunathrav to the English, previous to the treaty of
Colonel Upton, and have come into their possession, the restitution of
which was stipulated in the 7th Article to the said treaty, shall be
restored, agreeably to the terms of the said article.
This treaty consisting of 17 articles is settled at Salbai, in the Camp
of Maharaja Soubhadar Madhavrav Sindia, on the 4th of the month of
Jammadul Saany, in the year 1197 of the Hygera, corresponding with
the 17th of March, 1782, of the Christian era, by the said Maharaja and
Mr. David Anderson : a copy hereof shall be sent by each of the above
named persons to their respective principals at Fort William and Poona
and, when both copies being returned, the one under the seal of the
Hon'ble East India Company and signature of the Hon'ble the
Governor-General and Council of Fort William shall be delivered to
Maharaja Madhavrav Sindia Bahadur, and the other under the seal of
the Peshwa Madhavrav Pandit Pradhan, and the signature of Ballaji Pandit, Nana Fadanavis, shall be delivered to Mr. David Anderson,
this treaty shall be deemed complete and ratified and the articles herein
contained shall become binding on both the contracting parties.
(Written in the Marathi character of Ragubhau Divan).
" In all
17 articles on the fourth of Jemmad-ul-Akher or fifth of Jesht Adhik,
in the Shuklapaksh, in the year 118... (torn)."
(Subscribed in the Marathi character of Mahadji Sindia).
"
Agreed
to what is above written in Persian."
Witnesses : —
(Sd.) JAMES ANDERSON.
(Sd.) W. BLAINE.
